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There is evidence that the formation of the Solar System began about 4.6 billion years ago with the gravitational collapse of a small part of a giant molecular cloud. [1] Most of the collapsing mass collected in the center, forming the Sun, while the rest flattened into a protoplanetary disk out of which the planets, moons, asteroids, and other small Solar System bodies formed.
The eight planets of the Solar System with size to scale (up to down, left to right): Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune (outer planets), Earth, Venus, Mars, and Mercury (inner planets) A planet is a large, rounded astronomical body that is neither a star nor its remnant. The best available theory of planet formation is the nebular hypothesis ...
K-type main-sequence stars are about three to four times as abundant as G-type main-sequence stars, making planet searches easier. [17] K-type stars emit less total ultraviolet and other ionizing radiation than G-type stars like the Sun (which can damage DNA and thus hamper the emergence of nucleic acid based life). In fact, many peak in the red.
Neutron stars are mostly concentrated along the disk of the Milky Way, although the spread perpendicular to the disk is large because the supernova explosion process can impart high translational speeds (400 km/s) to the newly formed neutron star.
Methods of detecting exoplanets. Number of extrasolar planet discoveries per year through 2022, with colors indicating method of detection: Direct imaging. Microlensing. Transit. Radial velocity. Timing. Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star.
Further observational improvements led to the realization that the Sun is one of a few hundred billion stars in the Milky Way, which is one of a few hundred billion galaxies in the observable universe. Many of the stars in a galaxy have planets. At the largest scale, galaxies are distributed uniformly and the same in all directions, meaning that the universe has neither an edge nor a center ...
File:Milky-way-edge-on.pdf. Size of this JPG preview of this PDF file: 800 × 590 pixels. Other resolutions: 320 × 236 pixels | 640 × 472 pixels | 943 × 695 pixels. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Information from its description page there is shown below.
Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, as part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System and the interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere. It was launched 16 days after its twin, Voyager 2. It communicates through the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) to receive routine commands and to transmit data to Earth. Real-time distance and velocity data are ...
The Global Positioning System ( GPS ), originally Navstar GPS, [2] is a satellite-based radio navigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Space Force. [3] It is one of the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) that provide geolocation and time information to a GPS receiver anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of ...
Yellowstone National Park spans an area of 3,468.4 sq mi (8,983 km 2 ), [3] comprising lakes, canyons, rivers, and mountain ranges. [11] Yellowstone Lake is one of the largest high-elevation lakes in North America and is centered over the Yellowstone Caldera, the largest super volcano on the continent. The caldera is considered a dormant volcano. It has erupted with tremendous force several ...