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Satellite galaxies that orbit from 1,000 ly (310 pc) of the edge of the disc of the Milky Way Galaxy to the edge of the dark matter halo of the Milky Way at 980,000 ly (300 kpc) from the center of the galaxy, [a] are generally depleted in hydrogen gas compared to those that orbit more distantly.
Satellite observations. Map of stars cataloged by the Gaia release in 2021, displayed as density mesh in the diagram. The ESA spacecraft Gaia provides distance estimates by determining the parallax of a billion stars and is mapping the Milky Way with four planned releases of maps in 2016, 2018, 2021 and 2024.
The Large Magellanic Cloud ( LMC) is a dwarf galaxy and satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. [7] At a distance of around 50 kiloparsecs (163,000 light-years ), [2] [8] [9] [10] the LMC is the second- or third-closest galaxy to the Milky Way, after the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal ( c. 16 kiloparsecs (52,000 light-years) away) and the possible ...
The Large Magellanic Cloud and its neighbour and relative, the Small Magellanic Cloud, are conspicuous objects in the southern hemisphere, looking like separated pieces of the Milky Way to the naked eye. Roughly 21 ° apart in the night sky, the true distance between them is roughly 75,000 light-years.
The Andromeda Galaxy is approaching the Milky Way at about 110 kilometres (68 miles) per second. [128] It has been measured approaching relative to the Sun at around 300 km/s (190 mi/s) [1] as the Sun orbits around the center of the galaxy at a speed of approximately 225 km/s (140 mi/s).
Local Group. Local Group of galaxies, including the massive members Messier 31 (Andromeda Galaxy) and Milky Way, as well as other nearby galaxies. Distribution of the iron content (in logarithmic scale) in four neighbouring dwarf galaxies of the Milky Way. The Local Group is the galaxy group that includes the Milky Way, where Earth is located.
Satellite galaxy. A satellite galaxy is a smaller companion galaxy that travels on bound orbits within the gravitational potential of a more massive and luminous host galaxy (also known as the primary galaxy). [1] Satellite galaxies and their constituents are bound to their host galaxy, in the same way that planets within our own solar system ...
Sgr dSph is roughly 10,000 light-years in diameter, and is currently about 70,000 light-years from Earth, travelling in a polar orbit (an orbit passing over the Milky Way's galactic poles) at a distance of about 50,000 light-years from the core of the Milky Way (about one third of the distance of the Large Magellanic Cloud ).
Proxima Centauri is orbiting through the Milky Way at a distance from the Galactic Centre that varies from 27 to 31 kly (8.3 to 9.5 kpc ), with an orbital eccentricity of 0.07.
Hercules, or Her, is a dwarf spheroidal galaxy situated in the Hercules constellation and discovered in 2006 in data obtained by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. [4] The galaxy is located at a distance of about 140 kpc from the Sun and moves away from the Sun with a velocity of about 45 km/s.